jungner



(No Model.) Y E. W. JUNGNER. TEEEMO ELECTRIC BATTERY;

No. 521,168. 'Patented June l2, 1894.

Illllll AIC# inneren @desires ERNST WALDEMAR JUNGNER,OF SKRZ-l.,SWE-EEN,

tessere-stoornis SPlEmICAGN forming part of Letters Patent No. 52l,68,dated l2, 18g-l. y

Application led March 9, 1894- ei whom it may concern: ,Be it known thatl, ERNST WALDEMAR oneness, nsnbjectof the Kin g of Sweden and Norway,end e resident of Skere, in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Thermo-Electric Betteries; endl do herebydeclare the following to be sfull, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such es will' enable others skilled in the srt to which itappertsins to ineke and use the seine, reference being-hed to thenccoxnpenying drawings, end to letters of reference marked thereon,vWhich-forni a. part of inisispeciiicetionr This invention has relationto thermo-electric chain batteries, end has for its object econstruction of chain battery more perticulerly ndepted for use withelectric fire alarms, but may elso be used for other purposes.

Referring to the accompanying drawings which illustrate bye longitudinalsectional vieu` e'portion ofe thermo-electric chain bettery embodying myinvention, EXE', E, dac., indicate the elements of the battery eachcomposed of two strips or pieces, preferably wires, e end e of dierentmetals, as for instance, copper and viron Wires connected vin series byoverlapping the ends of two wires of different metals e e', binding themtogether by ineens of e good.` conductor of electricity, as :torinstance, ne iron Wire, and then coinpletingthe joint by lorezing orsoldering, as shown et e3. The alternate joints of the 'eleniente E E3,dac., of the chain battery are suitably insulated by ineens of- 'enon-conduotor oflieet, end l have found that excellent resulteV areobtained by winding the seid joints 'with cotton or cotton thread oryarn, es shown et c, of, and in practice I preferably insulete the Wholeof the .elementswith the exception of the joints en opposite sides ofthe one tiret is insulated, es shown.

The length and diameter of theinetal strips, pieces, or wires e e may begreetlyveried-eosending to the uses made of the chain, espeeielly whenit's'not desirable or necessary to oiotnin the best possible resultswith the leest' nnmoer of elemente, since the 'resistance increases withthe length of the element wires, the ei'ect produced bei ngcorrespondingly reduced. On the other h'snd, il' the Wires of theelements ere too short the trensmission et Serial No: 502.990- Cilomodel.)

heet from the nelrcd to the insulated joints is too rapid, or, in otherwordsthe battery is excited by too sliglits verietion in the tein-Vpere'ture of the ambient nir, freni the normal.

. l have found that when the thermo-electric chain battery is .to heused in connection with 'electric tire alarms, excellent results arevob'teined. by 'using copper end iron wire of e diameter of about one to1.5 millimeters, end of e length of lshout forty to ifty millimeters,thus forming elements of from seventy to eighty millimeters, or fromfifteen to twenty elements to the running meter of chein-- inasmuch esiron is not es goed e conduc- 'tor of heet its copper, lpree'r to useiron wire of greater diameter but shorter than the copperwires. in orderthat the best resnltsiney be obtained the extent o the insulatedportions of the chain battery should be sui-tehly proportioned; if,for'nstence, the layer oinsulating materiel is too thick, theloetterywill be energized by comparatively slight changes, v

in the temperature of the ambient eil' freine. normal. temperature; il",on the other bend,

the layer of insulating motorini is too thin,

the thermo-circuit is correspondingly Weekened, in feet, becomes tooWeek and of too shorte duration' for practical purposes. These dicultiesere eiectually overcome by winding the joints in the form of e spindle,the layer of insulating materiel being thickest et the joint, and isgradually reduced in thickness from seid joint-toward or to the jointson opposite sides, es shownl.

lf etherxno-electric chain battery constructed es described,is.exposodto arepid change of temperature oit' snlcient intensity en elecI .triccurrent will be generated in the one or the other direction, whichcurrent continues until the naked es well es the insu-lated joints ereof the seine temperature, provided of course the ends of the chain arein conductive connection. The current generated is however Jtoo 'Week toperform useful Work, es for instance, produce enA audible orvisible-signel, or both, in e tire alarm system, end .l 'connect theseme for such purposes with e sufficiently sensitive apparatus, such ese cir-- cuit controlling devicekthrough the medium ofwhich e batterycircuit including elet-in derrises, is either closed or interrupted 'togir-Je en ulerni.- For such purposes the chain betreo tery may, forinstance, be arranged along the moldings of a Wall near-the ceiling-,andwill remain unatected except by a rapid and suficient rise in thetemperature of the ambient air, such as would be caused by the breakingout of a fire.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as newtherein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A thermo-electric chain comprising elements composed of two strips orpieces of different metals, said elements connected in series, thestrips or pieces of one kind ofjnetal alternating with those of theother kind and having alternate joints insulated by means oi anonconductor of heat, for the purpose. set forth.

2. A thermo-electric chain,comprising elements com-posed of two stripsor pieces of different metals, said elements connected in series, thestrips or pieces of one kind of metal alternating vvith those of theother kind and having alternate joints insulated by means of anon-conductor of heat, said insulation being of greatest thickness atthe joint and decreasing in thickness in opposite directions. 3. Athermo-electric chain, comprising alternate overlapping pieces or stripsof diierent metals, as alternating copper and iron wires, theoverlapping portions. united by means of a conductor of electricity asfine iron wire and by braz-i-ngcr-seidering, and having its alternatejoints insulated by means of a non-conductor of heat, for the purposeset forth. In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNST WALDEMAR JUN GNER.

Witnesses:

A. J. HOLMBCK, JOH. GEW BUTscH.

